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1.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 32(2): e232, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1347401

ABSTRACT

La aparición de nódulos tiroideos en las personas con acromegalia es una consecuencia de la elevación crónica de la hormona de crecimiento y el factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina tipo 1. Su naturaleza varía según la zona geográfica, suficiencia de yodo y antecedentes patológicos familiares, entre otros factores. No se han publicado estudios cubanos sobre la enfermedad nodular tiroidea en estas personas. Objetivos: Describir las características clínicas, bioquímicas y ultrasonográficas de la glándula tiroidea, según la presencia o no de la enfermedad nodular tiroidea. Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal, que incluyó 73 pacientes con acromegalia entre enero de 2003 y diciembre de 2017. Se estudiaron las variables: edad, sexo, color de la piel, antecedentes familiares de la enfermedad nodular tiroidea, niveles de la hormona de crecimiento, hormona estimulante del tiroides, T4 libre, anticuerpos contra la peroxidasa tiroidea y contra la tiroglobulina, volumen tiroideo, patrón ecográfico nodular y estudio citológico. Resultados: La enfermedad nodular tiroidea se presentó en el 75,3 por ciento de los casos, con predominio del bocio multinodular. La edad al diagnóstico fue menor en los pacientes con la enfermedad (43,53 ± 9,67), que en los que no la tenían (49,33 ± 6,96 años) (p = 0,02). La hormona de crecimiento al diagnóstico de acromegalia, resultó menor en los pacientes con este padecimiento (18,73 ± 11,33 µg/L vs. 35,91 ± 21,68 µg/L; (p = 0,00). El volumen tiroideo mostró diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos (14,2 ± 4,5 mL en los casos positivos de la enfermedad nodular tiroidea y 10,5 ± 2,8 mL en los casos negativos; p = 0,002), siendo el nódulo de baja sospecha de malignidad el más frecuente. El resto de las variables resultaron similares entre los pacientes con y sin la enfermedad. La citología se informó como benigna en el 75 por ciento en los nódulos únicos, el 80 por ciento de los bocios nodulares y el 90 por ciento de los bocios multinodulares (p = 0,51). Conclusiones: La enfermedad nodular tiroidea fue frecuente en los casos de acromegalia, y se asoció a la menor edad y los niveles inferiores de la hormona de crecimiento al diagnóstico. El bocio multinodular constituyó la forma clínica más frecuente y los parámetros hormonales y de autoinmunidad no se asociaron al tipo de la enfermedad nodular tiroidea(AU)


The appearance of thyroid nodules in people with acromegaly is a consequence of chronic elevation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1). Its nature varies according to the geographical area, the iodine sufficiency and family pathological history, among other factors. No Cuban studies on thyroid nodular disease (TND) in these people have been published. Objectives: Describe some clinical characteristics, as well as biochemical and ultrasonographic ones related to the thyroid gland, according to the presence or not of TND, and to identify the possible association of clinical, biochemical, ultrasonographic and cytological factors with the different types of TND in patients with acromegaly. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional observational study that included 73 patients with acromegaly between January 2003 and December 2017. The following variables were studied: age, sex, skin color, family history of TND, GH levels, thyroid stimulating hormone, free T4, antibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin, thyroid volume, nodular ultrasound pattern and cytological study. Results: TND occurred in 75.3 percent of cases, with a predominance of multinodular goiter. The age at diagnosis time was lower in patients with TND (43.53 ± 9.67) than in those who did not have it (49.33 ± 6.96 years) (p=0.02). GH at diagnosis time of acromegaly was lower in patients with TND (18.73±11.33µg/L vs 35.91±21.68µg/L; (p=0.00). The thyroid volume showed significant differences between both groups (14.2±4.5mL in positive cases of TND and 10.5±2.8mL in negative cases; p=0.002), being the most frequent the nodule with low suspicion of malignancy. The rest of the variables were similar between patients with and without TNDs. Cytology was reported as benign in 75 percent in single nodules, 80 percent of nodular goiters and 90 percent of multinodular goiters (p=0.51). Conclusions: TND was frequent in cases of acromegaly, and was associated with lower age and lower GH levels at diagnosis time. Multinodular goiter was the most frequent clinical form and hormonal and autoimmunity parameters were not associated with the type of TND(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/adverse effects , Thyroid Nodule/diagnostic imaging , Human Growth Hormone , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Studies as Topic
2.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 63(6): 638-645, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055023

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Acromegaly is an insidious disease, usually resulting from growth hormone hypersecretion by a pituitary adenoma. It is most often diagnosed during the 3rd to 4th decade of life. However, recent studies have shown an increase in the incidence and prevalence of acromegaly in the elderly, probably due to increasing life expectancy. As in the younger population with acromegaly, there is a delay in diagnosis, aggravated by the similarities of the aging process with some of the characteristics of the disease. As can be expected elderly patients with acromegaly have a higher prevalence of comorbidities than younger ones. The diagnostic criteria are the same as for younger patients. Surgical treatment of the pituitary adenoma is the primary therapy of choice unless contraindicated. Somatostatin receptor ligands are generally effective as both primary and postoperative treatment. The prognosis correlates inversely with the patient's age, disease duration and last GH level. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2019;63(6):638-45


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Acromegaly/physiopathology , Acromegaly/therapy , Acromegaly/epidemiology , Prognosis
3.
Rev. méd. Hosp. José Carrasco Arteaga ; 11(3): 241-247, 30/11/2019. Ilustraciones
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1103747

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN:La acromegalia es una enfermedad sistémica caracterizada por la elevada producción de hormona del crecimiento, su etiología más común es el adenoma hipofisiario. En Ecuador existe una prevalencia de 18.7 casos por millón de habitantes y una incidencia de 1.3 casos por millón de individuos cada año. Se considera que existe un retraso de aproximadamente una década entre el inicio de los síntomas y el reconocimiento de los mismos por parte del equipo de salud. CASO CLÍNICO: Se presentan a continuación tres pacientes con acromegalia, atendidos por el servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso desde Mayo del 2015 hasta Abril del 2017. En esta serie, la edad de diagnóstico fue alrededor de los 34 años. Los motivos de consulta fueron molestias visuales, dolores articulares y complicaciones microvasculares. En todos los casos, la etiología fue un adenoma hipofisario productor de hormona del crecimiento en los que era necesaria la corrección quirúrgica; sin embargo, la paciente del caso 3 rechazó este tratamiento. EVOLUCIÓN: Se presentan a continuación tres pacientes con acromegalia, atendidos por el servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso desde Mayo del 2015 hasta Abril del 2017. En esta serie, la edad de diagnóstico fue alrededor de los 34 años. Los motivos de consulta fueron molestias visuales, dolores articulares y complicaciones microvasculares. En todos los casos, la etiología fue un adenoma hipofisario productor de hormona del crecimiento en los que era necesaria la corrección quirúrgica; sin embargo, la paciente del caso 3 rechazó este tratamiento. CONCLUSIÓN: Es importante reconocer la característica insidiosa de la acromegalia y sus variables manifestaciones clínicas, puesto que un diagnóstico oportuno permite mejorar el pronóstico y la calidad de vida. Hay diversas opciones terapéuticas, siendo el tratamiento quirúrgico complementado con terapia farmacológica, el de mayor eficacia. El manejo debe ser multidisciplinario e individualizado(au)


BACKGROUND: Case Series: Acromegaly, Clinical Presentation and Evolution in Patients of Hospital "Vicente Corral Moscoso". Cuenca - Ecuador, May 2015 - April 2017. CASE REPORTS: Three patients with acromegaly are presented, attended by the Endocrinology service of the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso from May 2015 to April 2017. In this series, the diagnosis age was around 34 years. Patients consulted because of visual discomfort, joint pain and microvascular complications. In all cases, the etiology was a pituitary adenoma producing growth hormone, in which surgical correction was necessary; however, patient number 3 rejected surgical treatment. EVOLUTION: In the present series, case 1 is undergoing treatment with Octreotide-Cabergoline and hormone replacement therapy, case 2 achieved biochemical remission with postoperative adjuvant treatment based on somatostatin analogues and case 3 has poor expectation of cure due to her medical history and lack of adherence to treatment. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to recognize the insidious characteristic of acromegaly and its varia-ble clinical manifestations, because a timely diagnosis allows a better prognosis and quality of life. There are several therapeutic options, being the surgical treatment supplemented with pharmacological therapy, the most effective. The management must be multidisciplinary and individualize(au)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Pituitary Gland/pathology , Pituitary Neoplasms/classification , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Endocrinology , Prognosis , Quality of Life , Therapeutics , History
4.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 12(3): 162-164, jul. 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1006497

ABSTRACT

La acromegalia, originada por un exceso de producción de Hormona de crecimiento (Gh), se caracteriza por crecimiento somático exagerado, alto riesgo cardio-metabólico, así como reducción de la expectativa de vida. Tiene una incidencia de 3-4 casos por millón de habitantes. El diagnóstico se retrasa hasta 10 años aumentando la morbi-mortalidad. Las alternativas terapéuticas incluyen medicamentos y cirugía, que van encaminados a reducir los efectos de masa tumoral, normalizar los parámetros bioquímicos y resolver las manifestaciones clínicas. En casos muy infrecuentes, el tumor hipofisario que la origina se asocia a silla turca vacía.


Acromegaly, caused by an excess production of growth hormone (Gh), it is characterized by exaggerated somatic growth, high cardio-metabolic risk, as well as reduction of life expectancy. It has an incidence of 3-4 cases per million population. The diagnosis is delayed up to 10 years increasing morbidity and mortality. The therapeutic alternatives include medications and surgery, which are aimed at reduce the effects of tumor mass, normalize biochemical parameters and resolve clinical manifestations. In very infrequent cases, the pituitary tumor that originates it is associated with empty sella syndrome. Key words: Acromegaly, Empty sella syndrome, Pituitary tumor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Pituitary Neoplasms/complications , Acromegaly/complications , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Empty Sella Syndrome/complications , Sella Turcica/pathology , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis , Growth Hormone/analysis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Glucose Tolerance Test
5.
Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab ; 55(2): 31-40, jun. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041734

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo El objetivo de esta guía es formular pautas para el diagnóstico de acromegalia adecuadas a los parámetros internacionales y a los recursos disponibles en Argentina. Participantes El grupo de trabajo propuesto por la Federación Argentina de Sociedades de Endocrinología (FASEN) incluyó un equipo multidisciplinario compuesto por 5 médicos endocrinólogos (4 especialistas y una profesional joven), un neurocirujano y una bioquímica, expertos en el tema. Evidencia Esta guía basada en la evidencia se desarrolló utilizando la metodología AGREE para describir tanto las recomendaciones como la calidad de las pruebas. Los borradores de esta guía fueron revisados por un grupo multidisciplinario de especialistas reconocidos en acromegalia. Conclusiones Utilizando un enfoque basado en la evidencia, esta guía aborda la evaluación diagnóstica de la acromegalia en Argentina.


ABSTRACT Objective The aim is to formulate guidelines for the clinical, biochemical and imaging diagnosis of acromegaly in accordance with international criteria and resources available in Argentina. Participants The task force selected by FASEN included a multidisciplinary team of 5 endocrinologists (4 senior and 1 junior), a neurosurgeon and a biochemist, experts in the field. Evidence This evidence-based guidelines were developed using the AGREE methodology to describe both the recommendations and the quality of evidence. The draft of these guidelines was reviewed by endocrinologists, biochemists and neurosurgeons experts in the field. Conclusions Using an approach based on evidence, these guidelines address the diagnosis of acromegaly in Argentina.


Subject(s)
Acromegaly/diagnosis , Acromegaly/blood , Acromegaly/diagnostic imaging , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/adverse effects , Clinical Diagnosis , Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects
6.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 78(2): 131-133, abr. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-954963

ABSTRACT

La diabetes mellitus ocurre en cerca del 10% de los pacientes con acromegalia y es secundaria a la insulino resistencia causada por altos niveles de hormona de crecimiento. La cetoacidosis diabética ha sido descripta como una rara complicación de la acromegalia, resultado de una relativa deficiencia de insulina causada por exceso de hormona de crecimiento. Describimos el caso de un hombre de 38 años de edad que se presentó en el servicio de emergencias con historia de polifagia, polidispsia y poliuria con pérdida de peso de 6 semanas de evolución. Agregó en las últimas 48 horas náuseas, vómitos y dolor abdominal. A su ingreso, la glucosa plasmática fue 880 mg/dl, osmolaridad plasmática 368 mOsm/l, pH arterial 7.06 y bicarbonato plasmático 8.6 mEq/l. No tenía antecedentes personales ni familiares de diabetes. No se encontraron causas precipitantes de cetoacidosis. En el examen clínico presentaba características compatibles con acromegalia. La resonancia magnética nuclear mostró un macroadenoma pituitario y los dosajes de hormona de crecimiento fueron elevados. Luego de la resección del tumor, los niveles de glucosa plasmáticos resultaron normales. Este caso mostró la rara asociación de acromegalia con cetoacidosis diabética. La cirugía fue la modalidad definitiva de tratamiento.


Diabetes mellitus occurs in nearly 10% of patients with acromegaly and is secondary to insulin resistance caused by high levels of growth hormone. Diabetes ketoacidosis has been described as a rare complication of acromegaly, resulting from a relative insulin deficiency caused by growth hormone excess. We described the case of a 38 year-old man who presented to the emergency room with a 6-week history of polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia and weight loss. He also had nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain from two days before admission. His plasma glucose level was 880 mg/dl, plasma osmolarity 368 mOsm/l, arterial pH 7.06 and serum bicarbonate 8.6 mEq/l. At the clinical examination, he had features of acromegaly. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a pituitary macro adenoma and growth hormone dosages were abnormally high. After tumor removal, plasma glucose levels became normal. This case shows the rare association between diabetic ketoacidosis and acromegaly. Surgery, in this case, was the definite modality of treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Acromegaly/complications , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/etiology , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/diagnosis , Human Growth Hormone/metabolism
7.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 78(2): 83-85, abr. 2018.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-954954

ABSTRACT

Acromegaly is generally considered a benign and uncommon disease. However, some recent data bring support to the idea that it is more frequent than previously thought. Besides, acromegaly can significantly shorten the length of life due to its cardiovascular and metabolic complications. Since its clinical signs are insidiously progressive for many years, there is a considerable delay in its detection. Usually, many different specialists have been consulted before reaching diagnosis of acromegaly. Those specialists include cardiologists, pulmonologists, dentists, rheumatologists, and diabetes specialists. Possible means to achieve earlier detection are based on increasing awareness of doctors and the public in general. In this paper, the author analyzes the factors related to delayed diagnosis and the potential ways to ameliorate awareness of the disease with particular attention to screening procedures.


Existe la idea generalizada de que la acromegalia es una enfermedad benigna e infrecuente. Sin embargo, el paciente acromegálico ve comprometida su vida a causa de complicaciones cardiovasculares y metabólicas. Por otra parte, trabajos recientes muestran que su frecuencia parece mucho mayor que lo supuesto previamente. Dado que los signos y síntomas de la enfermedad se instalan lenta e insidiosamente, existe una demora considerable en su diagnóstico. Habitualmente, los pacientes han consultado diversos especialistas antes de que el trastorno sea detectado. Los mismos incluyen cardiólogos, neumonólogos, odontólogos, reumatólogos y diabetólogos. Un camino posible para lograr una detección temprana es el incremento del grado de concientización de los médicos y de la comunidad. En este artículo se analizan los factores vinculados al retraso diagnóstico y los medios posibles para mejorar el conocimiento y detección precoz de la enfermedad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Rare Diseases/diagnosis , Pituitary Neoplasms/complications , Pituitary Neoplasms/diagnosis , Acromegaly/etiology , Acromegaly/epidemiology , Rare Diseases/epidemiology , Europe/epidemiology , Delayed Diagnosis
8.
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018; 34 (1): 37-42
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-151167

ABSTRACT

Objective: In this study, we determined the relationship between the ambulatory arterial stiffness index [AASI] and clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with acromegaly


Methods: Sixty-five patients with acromegaly, who visited to Dicle University Medical Faculty Department of Endocrinology [33 females and 32 males], were included in this study. The study control group consisted of 65 subjects. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. Laboratory data [complete blood count, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, electrolytes, albumin, lipid profile, growth hormone [GH], insulin-like growth factor-1, and the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test] performed over the last year were evaluated. The AASI was obtained from 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring records of all patients. This study was completed in 15 months from 2013 to 2015


Results: Twelve patients [18.4%] had diabetes and 21 patients [32%] had hypertension. The mean AASI value was 0.41 +/- 0.14. The mean AASI value in the control group was 0.25 +/- 0.09. Growth hormone [GH] levels were positively correlated with the AASI values. AASI values tended to be higher in hypertensive subjects than that in normotensive individuals


Conclusions: Our results show that the AASI value increased in patients with acromegaly, independent of the increase in blood pressure. The AASI was strongly dependent on the degree of the GH increase in patients with acromegaly and may have an important role predicting cardiovascular risk in patients with acromegaly


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Vascular Stiffness , Hypertension , Cardiovascular Diseases , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Growth Hormone
10.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 60(6): 510-514, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-827789

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To report the evolution of patients with a suggestive clinical scenario and elevated serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), but growth hormone (GH) suppression in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), in whom acromegaly was not initially excluded. Subjects and methods Forty six patients with a suggestive clinical scenario, who had elevated IGF-1 (outside puberty and pregnancy) in two measurements, but GH < 0.4 µg/L in the OGTT, were selected. Five years after initial evaluation, the patients were submitted to clinical and laboratory (serum IGF-1) reassessment. Patients with persistently elevated IGF-1 were submitted to a new GH suppression test and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary. Results Four patients were lost to follow-up. During reassessment, 42 patients continued to show no “typical phenotype” or changes in physiognomy. Fifteen of the 42 patients had normal IGF-1. Among the 27 patients with persistently elevated IGF-1 and who were submitted to a new OGTT, GH suppression was confirmed in all. Two patients exhibited a lesion suggestive of microadenoma on pituitary MRI. In our interpretation of the results, acromegaly was ruled out in 40 patients and considered “possible” in only 2. Conclusion Our results show that even in patients with a suggestive clinical scenario and elevated IGF-1, confirmed in a second measurement and without apparent cause, acromegaly is very unlikely in the case of GH suppression in the OGTT.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Acromegaly/blood , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis , Growth Hormone/blood , Phenotype , Pituitary Gland/diagnostic imaging , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Follow-Up Studies , False Positive Reactions , Glucose Tolerance Test/methods
11.
Medisan ; 19(3)mar.-mar. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-740865

ABSTRACT

La acromegalia es una enfermedad crónica multisistémica, de baja prevalencia, cuyo diagnóstico y tratamiento deben adecuarse a las realidades actuales. No obstante, continúa siendo una enfermedad subdiagnosticada, que evoluciona con una elevada tasa de mortalidad, generalmente por causas cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares, lo cual reduce la esperanza de vida de la persona que la padece. En el presente artículo se describen las formas de presentación del hipersomatotropismo, los métodos de diagnóstico y las modalidades terapéuticas, que incluyen la quirúrgica, la farmacológica y la radioterapia.


Acromegaly is a multisystem chronic disease, of low prevalence which diagnosis and treatment should be adapted to the current realities. Nevertheless, it continues being an underdiagnosed disease with a clinical course of high mortality rate, generally due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular causes, which reduce the life expectancy of the person suffering it. In this work, the forms of presentation of hypersomatotropism, the methods of diagnosis and the therapeutic modalities are described, that include the surgical one, the pharmacological one and the radiotherapy.


Subject(s)
Acromegaly/diagnosis , Acromegaly/diagnostic imaging , Acromegaly/rehabilitation
12.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 59(1): 54-58, 02/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-746446

ABSTRACT

Objective To determine the frequency of indication of the GH suppression test and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with clinical suspicion of acromegaly with GH concentrations > 0.4 µg/L despite normal serum IGF-1. Subjects and methods A total of 160 patients with clinical suspicion of acromegaly with normal IGF-1 were studied. Results Basal GH > 0.4 µg/L was observed in 70/88 women (79.5%). Nadir GH > 0.4 µg/L was found in 21/70 women (30%) and these patients were submitted to MRI, which revealed a microadenoma in 2/21 women (9.5%). In these two women, IGF-1 continued to be normal in subsequent measurements and no clinical progression has been observed so far (time of follow-up until now 4 years). Basal GH > 0.4 µg/L was seen in 33/72 men (45.8%). Nadir GH was < 0.4 µg/L in all of them. Conclusions In patients with clinical suspicion of acromegaly, concern over GH concentration in the presence of normal IGF-1 results in the unwarranted complementary investigation in many cases, and even in possible equivocal diagnoses. It is only in exceptional cases that normal IGF-1 should not rule out acromegaly. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(1):54-8 .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Human Growth Hormone/blood , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis , Pituitary Gland , Algorithms , Acromegaly/blood , Biomarkers/blood , Glucose Tolerance Test , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Prospective Studies , Reference Values , Surveys and Questionnaires
13.
Bogotá; IETS; dic. 2014. 59 p. ilus.
Monography in Spanish | BRISA, LILACS | ID: biblio-847062

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El gigantismo y la acromegalia se deben a la producción excesiva de hormona de crecimiento (HC). La HC es sintetizada en la hipófisis. Esta hipersecreción generalmente es consecuencia de un adenoma hipofisiario. (14) El tratamiento de elección, dado que la principal causa es tumoral, es el tratamiento quirúrgico. La radioterapia es la última opción terapéutica reservada para pacientes que no logran el control posterior a tratamiento médico o quirúrgico inicial. Otra opción terapéutica es la farmacológica, indicada como tratamiento primario, tratamiento complementario o pre tratamiento quirúrgico, para ello existen en la actualidad 3 grupos de fármacos: análogos de la somatostatina (AASS), agonistas dopaminérgicos y antagonistas periféricos de la HC (4). Dadas las opciones planteadas se hace necesario conocer la efectividad y la seguridad de estas intervenciones dirigidas a la población indicada. Objetivo: Examinar los beneficios y riesgos del uso de lanreótico y octreótide como uno de los criterios para informar la toma de decisiones relacionada con la posible inclusión de tecnologías en el Plan Obligatorio de Salud, en el marco de su actualización integral para el año 2015. Metodología la evaluación fue realizada de acuerdo con un protocolo definido a priori por el grupo desarrollador. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, LILACS y Google, sin restricciones de idioma, fecha de publicación y tipo de estudio. Las búsquedas electrónicas fueron hechas en noviembre de 2014 y se complementaron mediante búsqueda manual en bola de nieve y consulta con expertos temáticos. La tamización de referencias se realizó por dos revisores de forma independiente y los desacuerdos fueron resueltos por consenso. La selección de estudios fue realizada mediante la revisión en texto completo de las referencias preseleccionadas, verificando los criterios de elegibilidad predefinidos. Las características y hallazgos de los estudios fueron extraídos a partir de las publicaciones originales. Resultados: Efectividad: Subgrupo de tratamiento secundario: Lanreotide/ocreotide versus bromocriptina Descenlace No. 1 Concentraciones de IGF-I y GH Ocreotide LAR versus lanreotide SR: No se encuentran diferencias estadísticamente significativa P=0.73; Comparación entre subgrupos: terapia primaria versus terapia secundaria. Analogos de la somatostania: Analogos de la somatostania como terapia primaria versus terapia secundaria, Octreotide en terapia primaria versus octreotide en terapia secundaria no presentó diferencias estadisticamente significativas en los niveles de GH P=0.1764; tampoco se evidenció diferencia estadisticamente significatica en los niveles de IGF-I P=0.83. Subgrupo de tratamiento primario: En general el ocreotide fue mas efectivo en suprimir los niveles de GH en comparación con la bromocriptina P=<0.05. La combinación de ambas drogas realizo la supresión de GH mejor que las drogas por separado P=0.05. Tanto bromocriptina como ocreotide lograron reducir de manera significativa los niveles de GH; Control de síntomas: Se evidenció una reducción significativa de la circunferencia del dedo en ambos grupos P=<0.001. Los niveles de presión arterial desedieron en los dos grupos P=<0.001. Se evaluó el score de síntomas y se evidenció una mejoría significativa en ambos grupos P=<0.001. Subgrupo de tratamiento prequirurgico: Ningun estudio evaluó resultados de efectividad en este subgrupo. Seguridad: Eventos adversos: Los efectos secundarios fueron comunes en los dos grupos, todos los pacientes que recibieron ocreotide experimentaron diarrea, la constipación fue común en los pacientes que recibieron bromocriptina. La tolerabilidad fue evaluada en general pero no por paciente, fue mejor en el grupo de ocreotide en comparación con el de bromocriptina P=<0.004; Complicaciones de comorbilidades (IC, HTA, Apnea, síntomas articulares,cáncer): Ningún estudio evaluó este desenlace; Lanreotide/ocreotide versus cabergolina o no tratamiento: No se encontraron estudios que compararan estas terapias. Conclusiones: Efectividad: Con la evidencia revisada se puede sugerir que octreotide LAR, lanreotide SR y bromocriptina oral son efectivos para el tratamiento de la acromegalia, logrando reducción de los niveles de GH y IGF-I tanto en tratamiento primario como secundario. No hay evidencia concluyente que determine cual de los tres tiene una mayor efectividad. No hay evidencia que reporte efectividad como tratamiento prequirúrgico. Lanreotide/ocreotide versus cabergolina, no se encontró evidencia para esta comparació; Seguridad: En relación al perfil de seguridad con la evidencia disponible se considera que el octreotide es mejor tolerado que la bromocriptina, en ninguno de los estudios que evaluó este desenlace se reportó de forma cuantitaiva o descriptiva presencia de eventos adeversos serios asociados a alguna de las terapia. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Acromegaly/therapy , Gigantism/diagnosis , Gigantism/therapy , Somatostatin/analogs & derivatives , Somatostatin/therapeutic use , Octreotide/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Colombia , Biomedical Technology
14.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 58(8): 807-811, 11/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-729788

ABSTRACT

Objective To determine the value of acromegaly screening in adult patients not reporting enlargement of the extremities, but who present arterial hypertension associated with at least one other comorbidity of the disease. Subjects and methods Patients seen by general practitioners at primary health care units were evaluated. Among the patients without extremity enlargement, those with recently diagnosed arterial hypertension associated with at least one other comorbidity were selected. Results A total of 1,209 patients were submitted to laboratory investigation. Elevated IGF‐1 was observed in 22 patients. Eighteen patients had adequate suppression of growth hormone (GH). No GH suppression was observed in four women with confirmed elevated IGF‐1. In the latter, IGF‐1 and nadir GH were only slightly elevated, magnetic resonance showed a normal pituitary, and chest and abdominal computed tomography revealed no tumor, and no intervention was performed. Conclusion In patients with arterial hypertension without known pituitary disease, acromegaly is unlikely in the absence of enlargement of the extremities. .


Objetivo Determinar o valor do rastreamento de acromegalia em pacientes adultos sem aumento de extremidades, mas com hipertensão arterial associada a pelo menos uma outra comorbidade da doença. Sujeitos e métodos Pacientes vistos por clínicos em unidades primárias de saúde foram avaliados. Entre pacientes sem aumento de extremidades, aqueles com hipertensão arterial diagnosticada recentemente e associada a pelo menos uma outra comorbidade foram selecionados. Resultados Um total de 1.209 pacientes foi submetido à investigação laboratorial. IGF‐1 foi elevado em 22 pacientes. Dezoito pacientes apresentavam supressão adequada do hormônio do crescimento (GH). Ausência de supressão do GH foi vista em quatro mulheres com IGF‐1 repetidamente elevado. Nestas, IGF‐1 e nadir do GH foram apenas discretamente aumentados, ressonância magnética revelou hipófise normal, tomografia computadorizada de tórax e abdome não revelaram tumor, e nenhuma intervenção foi realizada. Conclusão Em pacientes com hipertensão arterial sem doença hipofisária conhecida, acromegalia é improvável na ausência de aumento de extremidades. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Extremities/anatomy & histology , Headache Disorders/epidemiology , Hypertension/diagnosis , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis , Acromegaly/blood , Brazil , Biomarkers/blood , Comorbidity , Extremities/physiology , Glucose Tolerance Test , Growth Hormone/blood , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mass Screening , Primary Health Care , Pituitary Gland/physiology , Surveys and Questionnaires
15.
Indian J Hum Genet ; 2014 Jan-Mar ;20 (1): 75-78
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-156638

ABSTRACT

Berardinelli‑Seip syndrome type 1 or Berardinelli‑Seip congenital lipodystrophy 1 (BSCL1) is a very rare genetic disorder characterized by lipoatrophy, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatomegaly and acromegaloid features. Its prevalence in Egypt is not known. Here, we report case of a 12‑year‑old Egyptian boy with the clinical, metabolic and molecular genetics manifestations of BSCL1 including overt diabetes mellitus.


Subject(s)
/diagnosis , Abnormalities, Multiple/epidemiology , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Acromegaly/epidemiology , Child , Diabetes Mellitus/complications , Egypt , Humans , Hypertriglyceridemia , /diagnosis , /epidemiology
16.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 1774-1780, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-180659

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between somatostatinergic tone (SST) and the size of growth hormone (GH)-producing pituitary tumors. GH levels of 29 patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly were measured using a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), an insulin tolerance test (ITT), and an octreotide suppression test (OST). Differences between GH levels during the ITT and the OGTT (DeltaGH(IO)), and between the OGTT and the OST at the same time point (DeltaGH(OS)) were compared according to the size of the tumor and the response pattern to the OST. DeltaGH(IO) of macroadenomas (n=22) was non-significantly higher than those of microadenomas while DeltaGH(OS) of macroadenomas were significantly higher than those of microadenomas. According to further analyses of macroadenomas based on the response pattern to the OST, GH levels during the ITT were significantly higher in non-responders. DeltaGH(OS) showed near-significant differences between responders and non-responders. In conclusion, as the size of the pituitary tumor increases, the effect of glucose on SST appears to be attenuated. Macroadenomas that are non-responders to the OST possess a portion of GH secretion exceeding the range of regulation by SST.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Adenoma/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use , Glucose Tolerance Test , Human Growth Hormone/blood , Insulin/blood , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis , Octreotide/therapeutic use , Pituitary Neoplasms/drug therapy
17.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 19(2): 134-137, jun. 2012. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-675015

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La acromegalia se caracteriza por elevación de los niveles de hormona de crecimiento (GH) y factor de crecimiento tipo 1 similar a la insulina (IGF-1). Su tratamiento puede ser quirúrgico, médico o por radiación hipofisaria para el control de los síntomas. Objetivo: Dar a conocer la importancia de la enfermedad, hacer diagnóstico oportuno, evitar complicaciones y exhortar al envío al especialista. Material y métodos: Expedientes de pacientes con acromegalia no tratados, operados, irradiados o en tratamiento médico con octreotida de acción prolongada (OCT LAR) entre 1990 y 2010. Categorías: curación: supresión de GH > 1.0 ng/ml a los 3-12 meses luego de la cirugía; controlados: mínimo 6 meses de tratamiento, niveles seguros de GH (media) < 2.5 ng/ml; en ambos niveles de IGF-1 normales para edad y sexo; activos, quienes no cumplan estos criterios o estén recién diagnosticados. Resultados: Se analizaron 109 expedientes (se descartaron tres por defunción); 7.2 pacientes por año; 80 fueron tratados quirúrgicamente (73%); 60 activos (75%); edad promedio: 47.5 años (rango 18-76); se detectaron 37 microadenomas y 69 macroadenomas; 65 mujeres, 41 varones, relación de 1.5:1; comorbilidades: prediabetes, diabetes tipo 2 e hipertensión arterial; tasa de cura bioquímica: 25%; tasa de control con OCT LAR: 27%. Conclusiones: El tratamiento de elección continúa siendo quirúrgico; los componentes del síndrome metabólico aumentan el riesgo cardiovascular. La curación se incrementó del 7% al 20% y el control un 27%


Subject(s)
Acromegaly/surgery , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Acromegaly/etiology , Acromegaly/therapy , Growth Hormone , Treatment Outcome
18.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 177-183, 2012.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-156437

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of diabetes and to study the effects of excess growth hormone (GH) on insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in Korean acromegalic patients. One hundred and eighty-four acromegalic patients were analyzed to assess the prevalence of diabetes, and 52 naive acromegalic patients were enrolled in order to analyze insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Patients underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test with measurements of GH, glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels. The insulin sensitivity index and beta-cell function index were calculated and compared according to glucose status. Changes in the insulin sensitivity index and beta-cell function index were evaluated one to two months after surgery. Of the 184 patients, 17.4% were in the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group, 45.1% were in the pre-diabetic group and 37.5% were in the diabetic group. The insulin sensitivity index (ISI0,120) was significantly higher and the HOMA-IR was lower in the NGT compared to the diabetic group (P = 0.001 and P = 0.037, respectively). The ISI0,120 and disposition index were significantly improved after tumor resection. Our findings suggest that both insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function are improved by tumor resection in acromegalic patients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acromegaly/diagnosis , Asian People , Blood Glucose/analysis , C-Peptide/analysis , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Glucose Tolerance Test , Human Growth Hormone/metabolism , Insulin/blood , Insulin Resistance , Insulin-Secreting Cells/cytology , Prediabetic State/epidemiology , Republic of Korea
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